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Microbial biotechnology has emerged as a pivotal field driving innovation across industrial sectors by harnessing the metabolic capabilities of microorganisms. This article explores recent advances in microbial biotechnology and their transformative impact on industrial applications. Key areas include genetic engineering, metabolic optimization, bioremediation, biopharmaceutical production, biofuel synthesis, industrial enzymes, and agricultural biotechnology. These advancements promise sustainable solutions to global challenges while advancing economic viability and environmental stewardship
